| Vietnam |
This article is part of the series: |
|
|
|
Other countries · Atlas |
The politics of Vietnam takes place in the framework of a single-party socialist republic. The central role of the Communist Party of Vietnam was reaffirmed in the current constitution, adopted in April 1992.
All Vietnamese political organizations are under Vietnamese Communist Party control; there is no separation of powers between executive, legislative and judicial branches. Communist Party policy is set by a fourteen-member Politburo. The top five positions in the Politburo are held by Party General Secretary Nguyễn Phú Trọng, member Standing of the Secretariat Lê Hồng Anh, State President Trương Tấn Sang, Prime Minister Nguyễn Tấn Dũng and Chairman of the National Assembly Nguyễn Sinh Hùng.[1] The members of the Politburo were selected by the party's 160-member central committee in April 2006. The Party Secretariat, which consists of eight Politburo members, oversees day-to-day policy implementation.
Aside from the Communist Party, the most powerful institutions within the Vietnamese government are the executive agencies created by the 1992 constitution: the offices of the president and the prime minister. The Vietnamese President functions as head of state but also serves as the nominal commander of the armed forces and chairman of the Council on National Defense and Security. The Prime Minister of Vietnam heads a cabinet composed of three deputy prime ministers and the heads of twenty-six ministries and commissions, all confirmed by the National Assembly.
Notwithstanding the 1992 Constitution's affirmation of the central role of the Communist Party, the National Assembly, according to the Constitution, is the highest representative body of the people and the only organization with legislative powers. It has a broad mandate to oversee all government functions. Once seen as little more than a rubber stamp, the National Assembly has become more vocal and assertive in exercising its authority over lawmaking, particularly in recent years. However, the National Assembly is still subject to Communist Party direction. About 80% of the deputies in the National Assembly are Communist Party members. The assembly meets twice yearly for seven to ten days each time; elections for members are held every five years. There is a separate judicial branch, but it is relatively weak. Overall, there are few lawyers, and trial procedures are rudimentary.
The Socialist Republic of Vietnam is governed through a highly centralized system dominated by the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) (Đảng cộng sản Việt Nam), which was formerly the Vietnamese Labor Party (Đảng lao động Việt Nam) (1951–1976). The Socialist Republic of Vietnam exists today as a communist state.
Although there have been efforts to discourage overlapping membership in party and state positions, the practice still continues to a certain extent. Senior Politburo members such as Nguyễn Tấn Dũng, Nguyễn Phú Trọng, Lê Hồng Anh concurrently hold high positions in the government and the National Assembly. In addition, the Party's Central Military Commission, which is composed of select Politburo members and additional military leaders, determines military policy.
A Party Congress meets every five years to set the direction of the party and the government. The Tenth National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam opened on April 18, 2006, and concluded on April 25, 2006, was attended by 1,176 delegates.
The 160-member Central Committee, which was elected by the Party Congress, usually meets at least twice a year.
Contents |
The 13th National Assembly (Quoc hoi) consists of 500 members. The National Assembly is elected for five year terms. Nguyen Sinh Hung is Chairman of the National Assembly. Vietnam is a single-party state. This means that only one political party, the Communist Party of Vietnam is legally allowed to hold effective power. At the last elections, 22 May 2011, only the Vietnamese Fatherland Front, a front of the Communist Party of Vietnam, mass organizations and affiliated, and some non-partisans were allowed to participate. Four members were self-nominated and do not belong to the VFF. A total of fourteen seats were won by non-party candidates.[1] The president is elected for a five year term by the parliament.
President Trương Tấn Sang (since 25 July 2011)
Vice-President Nguyễn Thị Doan
Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung
Deputy Prime Ministers: Hoàng Trung Hải, Nguyễn Thiện Nhân, Nguyễn Xuân Phúc, Vũ Văn Ninh
Minister of Defence General Phung Quang Thanh
Minister of Public Security Trần Đại Quang
Minister of Foreign Affairs Phạm Bình Minh
Minister of Industry and Trade Vu Huy Hoang
Minister of Planning and Investment Bùi Quang Vinh
Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development Cao Duc Phat
Minister of Finance Vương Đình Huệ
Minister of Justice Ha Hung Cuong [2][3]
Chairman of the National Assembly: Nguyễn Sinh Hùng (since 23 July 2011)
Vice-Chairs of the National Assembly: Tòng Thị Phóng, Nguyễn Thị Kim Ngân, Uông Chu Lưu, Huỳnh Ngọc Sơn [4]
Chief Justice the Supreme People's Court: Trương Hòa Bình
President of the Supreme People’s Procuracy of Vietnam: Nguyễn Hoà Bình
Chairman of Security and Defense Council:Trương Tấn Sang
Vice Chairman of Security and Defense Council: Prime Minister
Members of Security and Defense Council: Chairman of the National Assembly, Minister of Defence, Minister of Public Security, Minister of Foreign Affairs
Chairman of the Central Committee of the Vietnam Fatherland Front: Huỳnh Đảm
General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Vietnam Fatherland Front: Vũ Trọng Kim
President of the Vietnam Labour Confederation: Đặng Ngọc Tùng
Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam (since 2011) [5]:
1. Nguyễn Phú Trọng, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (since 2011)
2. Trương Tấn Sang, State President
3. General Phùng Quang Thanh, Minister of Defence
4. Nguyễn Tấn Dũng, Prime Minister
5. Nguyễn Sinh Hùng, President of the National Assembly
6. General Lê Hồng Anh, member Standing of Secretariat
7. Lê Thanh Hải, Party Secretary for Ho Chi Minh City
8. Tô Huy Rứa, Chief of Organisation Department of the Central Communist Party
9. Phạm Quang Nghị, Party Secretary for Hanoi
10. Trần Đại Quang, Lieutenant General, Minister of Public Security
11. Tòng Thị Phóng (Mrs), Vice President of the National Assembly
12. Ngô Văn Dụ, Chair of the Party Inspection Commission
13. Đinh Thế Huynh, Chief of Propaganda and Education Department of the Central Communist Party
14. Nguyễn Xuân Phúc, Deputy Prime Minister
Secretariat of Central Committee (since 2011):
1.Nguyễn Phú Trọng, Secretary-General
3.Lê Hồng Anh, Standing Member of the Secretariat
4.Tô Huy Rứa, Chief of Organisation Department of the Central Communist Party
5.Ngô Văn Dụ, Chairman, CPV Inspectorate Commission
6.Đinh Thế Huynh, Chief of Propaganda and Education Department of the Central Communist Party
7.Ngô Xuân Lịch, General Department of Politics of the Vietnam People’s Army
8.Trương Hoà Bình, President of the People’s Supreme Court
9.Hà Thị Khiết (Mrs), Chief of People Campaigning Department of the Central Communist Party
10.Nguyễn Thị Kim Ngân (Mrs), Vice President of the National Assembly
Party's Central Military Commission:
Secretary of Party's Central Military Commission: Nguyễn Phú Trọng
Vice Secretary of Party's Central Military Commission: Phùng Quang Thanh
Standing Members: General Ngô Xuân Lịch- Chairman of the Political General Department of the Vietnam People's Army, General Đỗ Bá Tỵ-Chief of the General Staff of the Army and Deputy Minister of National Defence,...
Vietnam is divided into fifty-eight provinces (tỉnh, singular and plural): An Giang, Bac Giang, Bac Kan, Bac Lieu, Bac Ninh, Ba Ria-Vung Tau, Ben Tre, Binh Dinh, Binh Duong, Binh Phuoc, Binh Thuan, Ca Mau, Cao Bang, Dak Lak, Dak Nong, Dien Bien, Dong Nai, Dong Thap, Gia Lai, Ha Giang, Hai Duong, Ha Nam, Ha Tinh, Hoa Binh, Hau Giang, Hung Yen, Khanh Hoa, Kien Giang, Kon Tum, Lai Chau, Lam Dong, Lang Son, Lao Cai, Long An, Nam Dinh, Nghe An, Ninh Binh, Ninh Thuan, Phu Tho, Phu Yen, Quang Binh, Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, Quang Ninh, Quang Tri, Soc Trang, Son La, Tay Ninh, Thai Binh, Thai Nguyen, Thanh Hoa, Thua Thien-Hue, Tien Giang, Tra Vinh, Tuyen Quang, Vinh Long, Vinh Phuc, Yen Bai.
There are also five municipalities (thành phố trực thuộc trung ương, singular and plural) existing at provincial level: Can Tho, Da Nang, Hai Phong, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City.
Vietnam is a member of the United Nations, La Francophonie, ASEAN, and APEC, and became a member of the World Trade Organization 11 January 2007. In 2005 it attended the inaugural East Asia Summit, which is the preliminary replacement for ASEAN in the future.
ACCT, APEC, AsDB, ASEAN, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, NAM, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||